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MedSchool Forums USMLE QBank Patient develops sudden SOB. On auscultation, they have loud S2, narrow S2 splitting and S4 which increases with inspiration. Diagnosis?
Spoiler for Answer:
Pulmonary embolism. S4 = pressure overload. "on inspiration" = Left ventricle. "loud S2" = "slamming shut"; slamming shut + L ventricle = Pulmonary HTN. Sudden HTN = Pulmonary embolism!

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Old 13-07-10, 03:51   #1
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Arch Int Med Trends in Fall-Related Hospital Admissions in Older Persons in the Netherlands [Origi

Background* Fall-related injuries, hospitalizations, and mortality among older persons represent a major public health problem. Owing to aging societies worldwide, a major impact on fall-related health care demand can be expected. We determined time trends in numbers and incidence of fall-related hospital admissions and in admission duration in older adults.

Methods* Secular trend analysis of fall-related hospital admissions in the older Dutch population from 1981 through 2008, using the National Hospital Discharge Registry. All fall-related hospital admissions in persons 65 years or older were extracted from this database. Outcome measures were the numbers, and the age-specific and age-adjusted incidence rates (per 10*000 persons) of fall-related hospital admissions in each year of the study.

Results* From 1981 through 2008, fall-related hospital admissions increased by 137%. The annual age-adjusted incidence growth was 1.3% for men vs 0.7% for women (P*75 years). Although the incidence of fall-related hospital admissions increased, the total number of fall-related hospital days was reduced by 20% owing to a reduction in admission duration.

Conclusions* In the Netherlands, numbers of fall-related hospital admissions among older persons increased drastically from 1981 through 2008. The increasing fall-related health care demand has been compensated for by a reduced admission duration. These figures demonstrate the need for implementation of falls prevention programs to control for increases of fall-related health care consumption.

Read the full article at Archives of Internal Medicine
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